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最高法谈民间借贷案司法解释修改背景:5个原因

来源:中国新闻网
中新网8月6日电  最高人民法院审判委员会专职委员杜万华今日介绍民间借贷案司法解释出台的原因时表示,主要有民间借贷的内容、主体发生变化,打击非法集资,规范企业间借贷,借贷利率等五方面原因。

最高人民法院6日举行新闻发布会,通报《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》的有关情况。

杜万华就新《司法解释》出台的背景指出,民间借贷由来已久,在世界各国也存在民间借贷。新中国成立以后,最高人民法院最早对民间借贷的一个批复是50年代初,对东北辽宁的一个批复,里面就确定了四倍利率这样一个做法,以后长期以来这个四倍利率一直在审判实践中运用,1991年最高人民法院制定解释的时候继续沿用了这个做法。

杜万华指出,1991年的司法解释是根据1979年以来改革开放的情况,总结当时的审判经验,做了这样的规定。这个规定对于推动中国的社会主义市场经济的发展和完善发挥了很大的作用。但是从1991年以后,中国经济社会发生了翻天覆地的变化,特别是1993年确立了要建立中国特色的社会主义以来,变化就非常巨大。

杜万华进一步阐述,第一,民间借贷的内容发生了变化,以前老百姓的民间借贷主要是生活性借贷,生产经营性借贷所占的比重相对较低。但是经过改革开放30多年来,国民的财富在增长,因此民间借贷的内容也在发生变化。就目前来讲,生产经营性的借贷大幅度上扬,相反生活性的民间借贷大幅度下降。这个变化是要考虑的因素。

第二,这几十年来民间借贷的主体发生了很大的变化,以前民间借贷的主体几乎都是自然人,以前在计划经济时代很少有企业借贷的,在改革开放特别是1993年之后,借贷的主体逐渐的从自然人之间的借贷、自然人与企业之间的借贷发展到企业与企业之间的借贷,主体变化很多,甚至发展到企业的负责人以自然人的身份借贷,借贷以后又用于企业,这样的情况非常复杂。

第三,民间借贷大量出现以后,非法集资的现象在中国从南到北、从东到西非常普遍,因此民间借贷与非法集资犯罪往往交叉,这种情况也比较多。在这样一种情况下,社会需要民间借贷又与这种非法集资的交织,怎样来把这两个厘清楚,是司法当中的难题,是需要考虑的。

第四个原因,企业与企业之间的借贷已经非常普遍,以前借贷是不合法的,但是变着花样来借贷这种情况非常非常多,怎样来规范企业之间的借贷,也是必须要着重考虑的一个问题。

第五个原因,社会主义经济体制的改革不断深入,利率的市场化是一个必然的趋势,而且中央也在大力推进,在利率市场化大的背景之下,出现了一些新情况,比如说央行在2013年7月就颁布了不再公布同期贷款基准利率,而1991年以前一直公布的《司法解释》是要以同期贷款基准利率,以这个为标准,按四倍来计算借贷合同或者借贷关系是否受民事法律保护。一旦不公布以后,大量的案子将没办法审理,所以在这种情况下,就不能不对《司法解释》进行修改。


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money.sohu.com false 中国新闻网 https://www.chinanews.com/gn/2015/08-06/7451576.shtml report 14628 中新网8月6日电最高人民法院审判委员会专职委员杜万华今日介绍民间借贷案司法解释出台的原因时表示,主要有民间借贷的内容、主体发生变化,打击非法集资,规范企业间借贷
(责任编辑:廖廖) 原标题:最高法谈民间借贷案司法解释修改背景:5个原因

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